Figurative Language
Figurative language is using figures of speech to be more effective, persuasive and impactful. Figures of speech such as metaphors, similes, allusions go beyond the literal meanings of the words to give the readers new insights.
Similes-A figure of speech making a comparison using like or as (example: “The realization hit me like a bucket of cold water.”).
Metaphors-A figure of speech making a comparison not using like or as (example:
Personification-The act of personifying; the attributing of human qualities to an animal, object, or abstraction, as for example (The thunder grumbled like an old man).
Idiom- a group of words whose meaning cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words, as for example ( It was raining) cats and dogs).
Proverb - A brief, memorable saying that expresses a truth or belief, such as “ A friend in need is a friend indeed.” ( See examples under “Proverbs.”)
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Similes-A figure of speech making a comparison using like or as (example: “The realization hit me like a bucket of cold water.”).
Metaphors-A figure of speech making a comparison not using like or as (example:
- My brother was boiling mad. (This implies he was too angry).
Personification-The act of personifying; the attributing of human qualities to an animal, object, or abstraction, as for example (The thunder grumbled like an old man).
Idiom- a group of words whose meaning cannot be predicted from the meanings of the constituent words, as for example ( It was raining) cats and dogs).
Proverb - A brief, memorable saying that expresses a truth or belief, such as “ A friend in need is a friend indeed.” ( See examples under “Proverbs.”)
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Practice:
- Figurative Language - Alliteration or Simile - Determine whether the text is an example of alliteration or simile.
- Figurative Language - Analogies - Determine the analogy.
- Figurative Language - Eye on Idioms - Learn about and practice idioms.
- Figurative Language - Folktales from Asia - Practice the skill of figurative language using the text Folktales from Asia.
- Figurative Language - Idioms Game - Identify the sentence that explains the idiom.
- Figurative Language - Island of the Blue Dolphins - Practice the skill of figurative language using the text Island of the Blue Dolphins.
- Figurative Language - Metaphor & Simile Examples - Read examples of metaphors and similes.
- Figurative Language - Paint by Idioms - Practice determining the meaning of idioms.
- Figurative Language - Papa Tells Chita a Story - Practice the figurative language skill using the text Papa Tells Chita a Story.
- Figurative Language - The Baker's Neighbor - Practice the skill of figurative language with the text The Baker's Neighbor.
- Figurative Language - The Emperor and the Kite - Practice the skill of figurative language using the text The Emperor and the Kite.
- Figurative Language - The Garden of Happiness - Practice the skill of figurative language using the text The Garden of Happiness.
Subject & Predicate
A subject is the part of a sentence or clause that commonly indicates (a) what it is about, or (b) who or what performs the action (that is, the agent). The subject is typically a noun ("The dog . . ."), a noun phrase ("My sister's Yorkshire terrier . . ."), or a pronoun ("It . . .").
A predicate is the part of the sentence which talks about the subject and which has a verb. An example of predicate is "ate lunch" ...
A fragment is a group of words that is written out as a sentence but that lacks a subject or verb "The dog in a cage at my house"
A run-on sentence is a sentence in which two or more independent clauses (i.e. complete sentences) are joined without an appropriate punctuation or conjunction. For example: the dog ate his lunch .
Compound Subject and Predicate:
The compound subject has two or more subjects.
The compound predicate has two or more verbs joined by a conjunction and share the same subject.
Example:
The girl and boy are tall. (compound subject)
The girl is tall and fast. (compound predicate)
A predicate is the part of the sentence which talks about the subject and which has a verb. An example of predicate is "ate lunch" ...
A fragment is a group of words that is written out as a sentence but that lacks a subject or verb "The dog in a cage at my house"
A run-on sentence is a sentence in which two or more independent clauses (i.e. complete sentences) are joined without an appropriate punctuation or conjunction. For example: the dog ate his lunch .
Compound Subject and Predicate:
The compound subject has two or more subjects.
The compound predicate has two or more verbs joined by a conjunction and share the same subject.
Example:
The girl and boy are tall. (compound subject)
The girl is tall and fast. (compound predicate)
Practice:
Subject/Predicate
http://www.myschooolhouse.com/courses/O/1/55.asp
http://mrswarnerarlington.weebly.com/subject--predicate-practice.html (Game)
Complete Sentences or Sentence Fragments Practice
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/recognizing_sentence_or_fragments/quiz2130
Run-On Sentences Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFMhbxAv-Hk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6ARqUdCkdg
Compound Subjects & Predicates
http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/free-grammar-worksheets/compound-subjects-and-predicates.pdfhttps://jeopardylabs.com/play/subjects-and-predicates-4th-grade (Game)
Subject/Predicate
http://www.myschooolhouse.com/courses/O/1/55.asp
http://mrswarnerarlington.weebly.com/subject--predicate-practice.html (Game)
Complete Sentences or Sentence Fragments Practice
http://www.softschools.com/quizzes/grammar/recognizing_sentence_or_fragments/quiz2130
Run-On Sentences Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFMhbxAv-Hk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6ARqUdCkdg
Compound Subjects & Predicates
http://www.ereadingworksheets.com/free-grammar-worksheets/compound-subjects-and-predicates.pdfhttps://jeopardylabs.com/play/subjects-and-predicates-4th-grade (Game)
Verbs-Past, Present and Future:
It is important that verbs agree when they are written in a sentence.
Past tense verbs end in "ed" unless they are irregular. (see-saw, throw-threw)
Present tense verbs can end in "s" or "ing" (dances, dancing). Sometimes the verb does not have a suffix/ending. (dance)
Future tense verbs usually have the help from the word will. (will go, will play)
Past tense verbs end in "ed" unless they are irregular. (see-saw, throw-threw)
Present tense verbs can end in "s" or "ing" (dances, dancing). Sometimes the verb does not have a suffix/ending. (dance)
Future tense verbs usually have the help from the word will. (will go, will play)
Practice:
http://www.turtlediary.com/kids-games/ela/verb-tenses.html (Games)
verb_tense_shifting.pdf
File Size:100 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
http://www.turtlediary.com/kids-games/ela/verb-tenses.html (Games)
verb_tense_shifting.pdf
File Size:100 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
Different Kind of Sentences
To begin you must know some vocabulary:
clause-a complete thought
main or independent clause-a clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand on its own. (Hint: a simple sentence)
dependent clause-a clause that depends/needs and independent clause to express complete a thought. (Hint: dependent clauses are sentence fragments)
Simple Sentence-a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate.
E.g. The dog barked.
Compound Sentence-a sentence consisting of two or more simple sentences joined by (1) a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
E. g. The dog barked but the cat yowled.
Complex Sentence-a complex sentence consists of a combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause.
E. g. Because the dog howled so loudly, the student couldn't eat his hamburger.
Compound Complex Sentence-a compound-complex sentence consists of a combination of a compound sentence and a complex sentence.
E. g. As the dog howled, one cat sat on the fence, and the other licked its paws.
clause-a complete thought
main or independent clause-a clause that expresses a complete thought and can stand on its own. (Hint: a simple sentence)
dependent clause-a clause that depends/needs and independent clause to express complete a thought. (Hint: dependent clauses are sentence fragments)
Simple Sentence-a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate.
E.g. The dog barked.
Compound Sentence-a sentence consisting of two or more simple sentences joined by (1) a comma followed by a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS)
E. g. The dog barked but the cat yowled.
Complex Sentence-a complex sentence consists of a combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause.
E. g. Because the dog howled so loudly, the student couldn't eat his hamburger.
Compound Complex Sentence-a compound-complex sentence consists of a combination of a compound sentence and a complex sentence.
E. g. As the dog howled, one cat sat on the fence, and the other licked its paws.
Practice:
Practice:
http://www.k12reader.com/worksheet/sentences-simple-compound-or-complex/
http://www.aasd.k12.wi.us/staff/boldtkatherine/ReadingFun3-6/ReadingFun_Sentences2.htm (Games)
Practice:
http://www.k12reader.com/worksheet/sentences-simple-compound-or-complex/
http://www.aasd.k12.wi.us/staff/boldtkatherine/ReadingFun3-6/ReadingFun_Sentences2.htm (Games)
Using Quotation Marks:
Quotation marks are used to show dialogue. It shows the exact words that the speaker spoke.
Using quotation marks can be tricky.
Quotation marks should begin where the person/character begins to speak.
example: "I like ice cream."
When quotation mark detail the name of the speaker, be sure to use a comma.
Example:
John said, "I like ice cream."
"I like ice cream", John said.
Here is where quotation marks can be tricky!! Pay attention!!
"I like ice cream", John said.
In the sentence above, notice there is no period where the quotation marks end. The period is at the end of the sentence.
If the sentence in quotes ends in a period, the period goes at the end of the sentence. It does not go at the end of the quoted sentence and the end of the sentence.
If the quoted sentence is interrupted by the speaker, be sure to add commas.
"Yes", John said, "dogs and cats make great pets.
Using quotation marks can be tricky.
Quotation marks should begin where the person/character begins to speak.
example: "I like ice cream."
When quotation mark detail the name of the speaker, be sure to use a comma.
Example:
John said, "I like ice cream."
"I like ice cream", John said.
Here is where quotation marks can be tricky!! Pay attention!!
"I like ice cream", John said.
In the sentence above, notice there is no period where the quotation marks end. The period is at the end of the sentence.
If the sentence in quotes ends in a period, the period goes at the end of the sentence. It does not go at the end of the quoted sentence and the end of the sentence.
If the quoted sentence is interrupted by the speaker, be sure to add commas.
"Yes", John said, "dogs and cats make great pets.
Practice:
http://www.internet4classrooms.com/grade_level_help/quotation_marks_language_arts_fourth_4th_grade.htm (Games)
quotation-marks-rules.pdf
File Size:55 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
quotation-marks-ws-3.pdf
File Size:40 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
http://www.internet4classrooms.com/grade_level_help/quotation_marks_language_arts_fourth_4th_grade.htm (Games)
quotation-marks-rules.pdf
File Size:55 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
quotation-marks-ws-3.pdf
File Size:40 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
Order of Adjectives:
.Adjectives are ordered from general information to specific. We often do this without thinking. Be sure to review the chart in your language arts interactive notebook. The one below has the same information but is not in the form of a chart
Practice:
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl_adjectiveorder4.html
http://www.ixl.com/ela/grade-4
http://www.turtlediary.com/kids-games/ela/adjectives.html (Games)
http://www.learnenglishfeelgood.com/esl_adjectiveorder4.html
http://www.ixl.com/ela/grade-4
http://www.turtlediary.com/kids-games/ela/adjectives.html (Games)
Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases:
Preposition-a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in “the man on the platform,” “she arrived after dinner,” “what did you do it for ?”
Prepositional Phrase-A prepositional phrase has two basic parts: a preposition plus a noun or a pronoun that serves as the object of the preposition. A preposition is a word that shows how a noun or a pronoun is related to another word in a sentence.
Prepositional Phrase-A prepositional phrase has two basic parts: a preposition plus a noun or a pronoun that serves as the object of the preposition. A preposition is a word that shows how a noun or a pronoun is related to another word in a sentence.
Practice:
http://www.eduplace.com/cgi-bin/hme-quiz-start.cgi?Grade=6&Unit=7&Topic=Prepositional+Phrases&x=25&y=9
http://www.softschools.com/quiz_time/language_arts/preposition/theme156.html
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/preposition_desert/index_pre.html (Game)
http://www.eduplace.com/cgi-bin/hme-quiz-start.cgi?Grade=6&Unit=7&Topic=Prepositional+Phrases&x=25&y=9
http://www.softschools.com/quiz_time/language_arts/preposition/theme156.html
http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/preposition_desert/index_pre.html (Game)
Prefixes and Suffixes (Affixes):
Prefixes and Suffixes have the ability to change the meaning of words.
Prefixes-go before the base word/root word
Suffixes-go after the base words/root word
Prefixes-go before the base word/root word
Suffixes-go after the base words/root word
Practice:
http://www.funenglishgames.com/grammargames/prefixsuffix.html (Game)
http://www2.smarttutor.com/player/swf/Vocab_PrefixSuffix_L3_V1_T3a.swf (Game)
http://www.funenglishgames.com/grammargames/prefixsuffix.html (Game)
http://www2.smarttutor.com/player/swf/Vocab_PrefixSuffix_L3_V1_T3a.swf (Game)
Homophones & Homographs:
Homophones: Two words that sound the same but are spelled differently
Homographs: Words that are spelled the same but may have a different sound and have a different meaning
Homographs: Words that are spelled the same but may have a different sound and have a different meaning
Practice:
https://www.spellingcity.com/homophones-and-homonyms.html (Games and Practice)
http://www.learninggamesforkids.com/vocabulary-games/homophones-games/homophones-game.html
homonyms,_homographs,_homophones_practice.pdf
File Size:117 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
https://www.spellingcity.com/homophones-and-homonyms.html (Games and Practice)
http://www.learninggamesforkids.com/vocabulary-games/homophones-games/homophones-game.html
homonyms,_homographs,_homophones_practice.pdf
File Size:117 kb
File Type:pdf
Download File
Reference Materials
dictionary-defines words, tells syllabication, tells pronunciation, origin of the word....
dictionary.com
thesaurus-provides synonyms for words
thesaurus.com
A thesaurus is organized like a dictionary.
atlas-provides locations and maps
encyclopedia-provides information on a given topic
An encyclopedia is a arranged like a dictionary
internet-provides information about everything
dictionary.com
thesaurus-provides synonyms for words
thesaurus.com
A thesaurus is organized like a dictionary.
atlas-provides locations and maps
encyclopedia-provides information on a given topic
An encyclopedia is a arranged like a dictionary
internet-provides information about everything
Resource:
http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic9.htm#1
http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic9.htm#1
Practice:
ABC ORDER - http://www.softschools.com/language_arts/words/abc_order_games.jsp
Dictionary actvities- http://www.studyzone.org/testprep/e3topic.cfm?TopicID=101
http://www.internet4classrooms.com/grade_level_help/use_research_resources_language_arts_fourth_4th_grade.htm
ABC ORDER - http://www.softschools.com/language_arts/words/abc_order_games.jsp
Dictionary actvities- http://www.studyzone.org/testprep/e3topic.cfm?TopicID=101
http://www.internet4classrooms.com/grade_level_help/use_research_resources_language_arts_fourth_4th_grade.htm